Can you translate from German to English? (PV.III.Gymnasium pg 83)

I can only say it is all mixed up! The subject verb object in English gets turned all around in German.
Look at this:

I went shopping yesterday.      S    V      O          extra info

 

Gestern ging ich einkaufen.     extra info   V    S     O         

This needs practice!

1. Mir ist heiss. Könnten Sie die Fenster bitte öffnen?

____________________________________________________________________________________

2. Ich kann Jim sehen, aber er kann mich nicht sehen. Was macht er?

___________________________________________________________________________________

3. Tom hat eine Zeitung, etwas Wein und einige Brötchen gekauft.

____________________________________________________________________________________

4. Das ist sein Schreibtisch.  Ihrer ist neben dem Fenster.

____________________________________________________________________________________

5. John kann nicht ans Telefon.  Er badet. Kann ich ihm etwas ausrichten?

____________________________________________________________________________________

6. Sie hatten keinen Schlüssel, also habe ich meinen gegeben.

____________________________________________________________________________________

7. Das Büro von Frau Murray is im zweiten Stock. (stock=floor)

____________________________________________________________________________________

8. Mark ist ein schlechter Schüler, aber Frank is schlechter.  Frank ist der schlechteste der Klasse.

____________________________________________________________________________________

9. Ich esse gerade zu Mittag. Hast du hunger? Möchtest du auch etwas zum essen?

____________________________________________________________________________________

10. Wo sind Tom und Sue? Sie spielen Tennis. Sie spielen einmal in die Woche.

____________________________________________________________________________________

11. Es gibt eine alte Kirche im Dorf. (Dorf=village)

____________________________________________________________________________________

12. Es gibt keinen Flughafen in unserer Stadt.

____________________________________________________________________________________

13. Da ist eine Tasche auf dem Tisch. Is das Ihre?

____________________________________________________________________________________

14. „Möchten Sie ein Glas Saft?“  „Ja, gerne.“

____________________________________________________________________________________

15. Ich hätte gerne drei Aepfel und vier Bananen.

____________________________________________________________________________________

16. Möchtest du einen Apfel oder eine Orange?

____________________________________________________________________________________

Page 83

1.       I’m hot. Can(could) you please open the window?

2.       I can see Jim but he can’t see me. What is he doing?

3.       Tom bought a newspaper, some wine, and a few rolls.

4.       This is his desk.  Yours is next to the window.

5.       John can’t come to the phone.  He’s taking a bath.  Can I give him a message?

6.       They didn’t have a key so I gave them mine.

7.       Mrs. Murray’s office is on the second floor.

8.       Mark is a bad student but Frank is worse.  Frank is the worst student in the class.

9.       I’m having (eating) lunch.  Are you hungry?  Would you like something to eat too?

10.   Where are Tom and Sue?  They are playing tennis.  They play tennis once a week.

11.   There is an old church in the village.

12.   There isn’t an airport in our city.

13.   There is a bag on the table.  Is it yours?

14.   “Would you like a glass of juice?”  “Yes, please.”

15.   I’d like three apples and four bananas.

16.   “Would you like an apple or an orange?”

The Others...

The conjunction NOR is not extinct, but it is not used nearly as often as the other conjunctions, so it might feel a bit odd when nor does come up in conversation or writing. Its most common use is as the little brother in the correlative pair, neither-nor:

·   He is neither sane nor brilliant.

·   That is neither what I said nor what I meant.

> It can be used with other negative expressions:

·   That is not what I meant to say, nor should you interpret my statement as an admission of guilt.

It is possible to use nor without a preceding negative element, but it is unusual and, to an extent, rather stuffy:

·   George's handshake is as good as any written contract, nor has he ever proven untrustworthy.

The word YET functions sometimes as an adverb and has several meanings: in addition ("yet another cause of trouble" or "a simple yet noble woman"), even ("yet more expensive"), still ("he is yet a novice"), eventually ("they may yet win"), and so soon as now ("he's not here yet"). It also functions as a coordinating conjunction meaning something like "nevertheless" or "but." The word yet seems to carry an element of distinctiveness that but can seldom register.

·   John plays basketball well, yet his favorite sport is badminton.

·   The visitors complained loudly about the heat, yet they continued to play golf every day.

In sentences such as the second one, above, the pronoun subject of the second clause ("they," in this case) is often left out. When that happens, the comma preceding the conjunction might also disappear: "The visitors complained loudly yet continued to play golf every day."

Yet is sometimes combined with other conjunctions, but or and. It would not be unusual to see and yet in sentences like the ones above. This usage is acceptable.

The word FOR is most often used as a preposition, of course, but it does serve, on rare occasions, as a coordinating conjunction. Some people regard the conjunction for as rather highfalutin and literary, and it does tend to add a bit of weightiness to the text. Beginning a sentence with the conjunction "for" is probably not a good idea, except when you're singing "For he's a jolly good fellow. "For" has serious sequential implications and in its use the order of thoughts is more important than it is, say, with because or since. Its function is to introduce the reason for the preceding clause:

·   John thought he had a good chance to get the job, for his father was on the company's board of trustees.

·   Most of the visitors were happy just sitting around in the shade, for it had been a long, dusty journey on the train.

Be careful of the conjunction SO. Sometimes it can connect two independent clauses along with a comma, but sometimes it can't. For instance, in this sentence,

·   Soto is not the only Olympic athlete in his family, so are his brother, sister, and his Uncle Chet.

Where the word so means "as well" or "in addition," most careful writers would use a semicolon between the two independent clauses. In the following sentence, where so is acting like a minor-league "therefore," the conjunction and the comma are adequate to the task:

·   Soto has always been nervous in large gatherings, so it is no surprise that he avoids crowds of his adoring fans.

Sometimes, at the beginning of a sentence, so will act as a kind of summing up device or transition, and when it does, it is often set off from the rest of the sentence with a comma:

·   So, the sheriff peremptorily removed the child from the custody of his parents.

The Case of Then and Than

In some parts of the United States, we are told, then and than not only look alike, they sound alike. Like a teacher with twins in her classroom, you need to be able to distinguish between these two words; otherwise, they'll become mischievous. They are often used and they should be used for the right purposes. Than is used to make comparisons. In the sentence "Piggy would rather be rescued then stay on the island," we have employed the wrong word because a comparison is being made between Piggy's two choices; we need than instead. In the sentence, "Other than Pincher Martin, Golding did not write another popular novel," the adverbial construction "other than" helps us make an implied comparison; this usage is perfectly acceptable in the United States but careful writers in the UK try to avoid it (Burchfield). Generally, the only question about than arises when we have to decide whether the word is being used as a conjunction or as a preposition. If it's a preposition (and Merriam-Webster's dictionary provides for this usage), then the word that follows it should be in the object form. ·   He's taller and somewhat more handsome than me. ·   Just because you look like him doesn't mean you can play better than him. Most careful writers, however, will insist that than be used as a conjunction; it’s as if part of the clause introduced by than has been left out: ·   He’s taller and somewhat more handsome than I [am handsome]. ·   You can play better than he [can play]. In formal, academic text, you should probably use than as a conjunction and follow it with the subject form of a pronoun (where a pronoun is appropriate). Then is a conjunction, but it is not one of the little conjunctions listed at the top of this page. We can use the FANBOYS conjunctions to connect two independent clauses; usually, they will be accompanied (preceded) by a comma. Too many students think that then works the same way: "Caesar invaded Gaul, then he turned his attention to England." You can tell the difference between then and a coordinating conjunction by trying to move the word around in the sentence. We can write "he then turned his attention to England"; "he turned his attention, then, to England"; he turned his attention to England then." The word can move around within the clause. Try that with a conjunction, and you will quickly see that the conjunction cannot move around. "Caesar invaded Gaul, and then he turned his attention to England." The word and is stuck exactly there and cannot move like then, which is more like an adverbial conjunction (or conjunctive adverb — see below) than a coordinating conjunction. Our original sentence in this paragraph — "Caesar invaded Gaul, then he turned his attention to England" — is a comma splice, a faulty sentence construction in which a comma tries to hold together two independent clauses all by itself: the comma needs a coordinating conjunction to help out, and the word then simply doesn't work that way.

Conjunctions: Practice Answers

I hope you did your homework, because here is the answer key to yesterdays exercises!


Conjunctions in Sentences

1. The music was loud and fast.
2. The harp player likes to play classical music and contemporary music.
3. The little boy jumped on the trampoline and sang at the top of his lungs.
4. Please put both the milk and the eggs in the refrigerator.
5. I have the 8 of Spades and the Jack of Hearts.
6. The car had orange and blue stripes.
7. Would you rather have a milkshake or an ice cream cone?
8. It will either be cloudy or sunny today.
9. The police lights were blue and red.
10.You can either stand up or sit down.
11.Please hand me the red book and the blue book.
12.Would you like the hammer or the screwdriver?


Missing Conjunctions

1. Mary Jane and her friend Amelia rode their bikes to school.

2. Ryan forgot his backpack at school, so he couldn’t do his homework.

3. The school bus driver wanted to turn right, but had to turn left instead.

4. The teacher wanted the students to do both math and science homework.

5. Would you rather work on math or science first?

6. Mark let his friends play with his bike, but not his basketball.



Sentence Drop Conjunctions

1. Cookies have flour and sugar in them.

2. Where have you been hiding?

3. Oceans contain fish and plants in them.



Combining Sentences with Conjunctions
1. Doug wants the remote control. Justin wants the remote control.
DOUG AND JUSTIN WANT THE REMOTE.

2. Shawn works hard. Shawn plays hard.
SHAWN WORKS HARD AND PLAYS HARD.

3. Patrick is very smart. Patrick knows a lot of facts.
PATRICK IS VERY SMART AND KNOWS A LOT OF FACTS.

4. Jessica loves to read books. Michelle loves to read books.
JESSICA AND MICHELLE LOVE TO READ BOOKS.

5. The turtle looked at the sky. The bear looked at the sky.
THE TURTLE AND THE BEAR LOOKED AT THE SKY.

6. The fox is quick. The fox is clever.
THE FOX IS QUICK AND CLEVER.

7. Joseph is shy. Joseph is quiet.
JOSEPH IS SHY AND QUIET.

Conjunction: Practice!

Conjunctions in Sentences

Read the following sentences. Circle the conjunctions. Underline the words that the conjunctions connect together.

1. The music was loud and fast.
2. The harp player likes to play classical music and contemporary music.
3. The little boy jumped on the trampoline and sang at the top of his lungs.
4. Please put both the milk and the eggs in the refrigerator.
5. I have the 8 of Spades and the Jack of Hearts.
6. The car had orange and blue stripes.
7. Would you rather have a milkshake or an ice cream cone?
8. It will either be cloudy or sunny today.
9. The police lights were blue and red.
10.You can either stand up or sit down.
11.Please hand me the red book and the blue book.
12.Would you like the hammer or the screwdriver?

Missing Conjunctions

Choose the conjunction that best completes each sentence.

1. Mary Jane ____ her friend Amelia rode their bikes to school.
2. Ryan forgot his backpack at school, ___ he couldn’t do his homework.
3. The school bus driver wanted to turn right, ____ had to turn left instead.
4. The teacher wanted the students to do both math ____ science homework.
5. Would you rather work on math ___ science first?
6. Mark let his friends play with his bike, ____ not his basketball.

Sentence Drop Conjunctions

Instructions: Connect the words to make a sentence that makes sense. Always start at the top and work your way down.

Cookies          have          has         been         flower          flour          and          but          apples          sugar          in          on          them.

Where          Who  have          seen Mary          you          me have        been awake?        Hiding?

Rivers         Lakes         Oceans contain          consume fish          cactus          apples but          and        or planets          plants in         under       beneath them.

Combining Sentences with Conjunctions

Sentences can be combined with the word and.

If the two sentences have the same subject, you can combine the predicates.
Example: Mary rides her bike. Mary sings a song.
                        Mary rides her bike and sings a song.


If the two sentences have the same predicates, you can combine the subjects.
Example: Max loves to watch TV. Sam loves to watch TV.
                        Max and Sam love to watch TV.

Combine the two sentences into one with the word and.

1. Doug wants the remote control. Justin wants the remote control.

____________________________________________________________

2. Shawn works hard. Shawn plays hard.

____________________________________________________________

3. Patrick is very smart. Patrick knows a lot of facts.

____________________________________________________________

4. Jessica loves to read books. Michelle loves to read books.

____________________________________________________________


5. The turtle looked at the sky. The bear looked at the sky.

____________________________________________________________

6. The fox is quick. The fox is clever.

____________________________________________________________

7. Joseph is shy. Joseph is quiet.


____________________________________________________________



Answers will be posted tomorrow :)