10 Smart Things to Do When Writing

Some of the greatest writers of all time were at the mercy of some strange superstitions. 

James Joyce had to wear white. Truman Capote needed to lie down, and he couldn’t put more than two cigarettes in an ashtray. Marcel Proust could only focus in a cork-lined room. And Edgar Allan Poe felt compelled to seek approval from his cat.

They swore by these little idiosyncratic rituals and were often unable to produce work if forced to forgo them.

These may seem like weird eccentricities on the surface, but they contain valuable tips. We’ve outlined a few of the key points below and also added a few bits of advice that we think might be a touch easier to understand.

1Sleep tight.

It’s easier said than done, but catching a solid night of z’s is brilliant prep for a strong day of writing. Sleep not only helps you store knowledge; it has also been labeled, thanks to writer and artist Debbie Millman, “The best (and easiest) creative aphrodisiac.”

2Get the setting right.

This isn’t just advice for fiction writers. Find a good writing environment: a place where the background noise is truly Goldilocks (just right), distractions have been slain, and you feel comfortable (ergonomically and psychologically). As Bob Dylan famously said, “Put yourself in an environment where you can completely accept all the unconscious stuff that comes to you from your inner workings of your mind.”

3Surround yourself with inspiration.

For times when your muse goes on holiday, it’s incredibly useful to have something within your immediate vicinity that you find inspiring. This could be anything from a beautiful view, to the machine you’re writing about, to a bookshelf brimming with brilliant works of prose and poetry. It’s also worth mentioning that dictionaries, thesauri, and grammar guides can be surprisingly inspiring (and useful).

4Set an intention.

As English writer Samuel Johnson believed, “A man may write at any time, if he will set himself doggedly to it.” Committing to the task at hand is crucial, and more concretely, putting one word in front of the other and sticking to a measurable goal (two-hundred words, three pages, four chapters) is the best way to make sure you are getting things done.

5Have a routine.

We laughed off rituals earlier, but establishing a writing routine is actually extremely beneficial. That’s because of cognitive cueing. As cognitive psychologist Ronald Kellogg explains in his book The Psychology of Writing, by carrying out certain actions only when writing, our brain begins to associate these actions with a specific state of mind. Meaning, we almost become conditioned to retrieve ideas and thoughts most relevant to what we’re writing about when we do these actions.

6Make a plan.

There’s no greater wrecking ball for writer’s block than brainstorming and outlining. Putting your rough thoughts down on paper and finding some points of connection can make a blank page far less intimidating and can keep you on track and moving forward. It can also help to make your writing more logical and cohesive.

7Manage your time wisely.

Studies indicate that writers are most productive when working in one- to three-hour time blocks. Slot breaks into your day to make sure you’re getting the best brain juice possible and don’t forget to leave time for ruthless editing and rewriting. Lastly, don’t be afraid to quit while you’re ahead and before you’re stuck. This was a favorite tactic of Ernest Hemingway’s (and perhaps one that also supported his regimen of “done by noon, drunk by three”).

8Save your work constantly.

Make pressing Control+S or Command+S only slightly less automatic than blinking or swallowing. The memory of computers or tablets is not as reliable as that of paper, and there’s nothing worse than losing all of that hard work.

9Don’t be afraid to kill your darlings.

Countless authors, from William Faulkner to Stephen King, have both given and followed this advice. Essentially, no matter how much you love that one-liner, cutting conclusion, complex character, savvy subhead, or incisive intro, if it doesn’t work, have the courage to cut it. While we’re on the subject, revise ruthlessly. You’ll feel better after.

10Get a second opinion.

Self-doubt is the eternal Achilles heel of the writer. It can incapacitate you before you even start. Having a trusted loved one or peer (or cat) who you can lean on for a second opinion can help you separate the wheat (good writing) from the chaff (poor writing).

The above post was taken directly from Grammarly. For more fun grammar topics, check them out :)

100 Most Often Mispronounced Words and Phrases in English

There are spelling rules in English, even if they are difficult to understand, so pronouncing a word correctly usually does help you spell it correctly. Here are the 100 most often mispronounced English words ("mispronunciation" among them). Several common errors are the result of rapid speech, so take your time speaking, correctly enunciating each word. Careful speech and avid reading are the best guides to correct spelling.

A

Don't say: acrossed | Do say: across

Comment: It is easy to confuse "across" with "crossed" but better to keep them separate.

Don't say: affidavid | Do say: affidavit

Comment: Even if your lawyer's name is ''David,'' he issues affidavits.

Don't say: Old-timer's disease | Do say: Alzheimer's disease

Comment: While it is a disease of old-timers, it is named for the German neurologist, Dr. Alois Alzheimer.

Don't say: Antartic | Do say: Antarctic

Comment: Just think of an arc of ants (an ant arc) and that should help you keep the [c] in the pronunciation of this word.

Don't say: Artic | Do say: Arctic

Comment: Another hard-to-see [c] but it is there.

Don't say: aks | Do say: ask

Comment: This mispronunciation has been around for so long (over 1,000 years) that linguist Mark Aronoff thinks we should cherish it as a part of our linguistic heritage. Most of us would give the axe to "aks."

Don't say: athelete, atheletic | Do say: athlete, athletic

Comment: Two syllables are enough for "athlete."

B

Don't say: barbituate | Do say: barbiturate

Comment: Don't forget this word contains three others: bar+bit+u+rate

Don't say: bob wire | Do say: barbed wire

Comment: No, this word wasn't named for anyone named ''Bob;'' it should be "barbed wire," although the suffix -ed, meaning ''having,'' is fading away in the U.S.

Don't say: bidness | Do say: business

Comment: The change of [s] to [d] before [n] is spreading throughout the US and when the unaccented [I] drops from this word the [s] finds itself in the same environment as in "isn't" and "wasn't."

Don't say: a blessing in the skies | Do say: a blessing in disguise

Comment: This phrase is no blessing if it comes from the skies. (Pronounce it correctly and help maintain the disguise.)

C

Don't say: Calvary | Do say: Cavalry

Comment: It isn't clear why we say, ''Mind your Ps and Qs'' when we have more difficulty keeping up with our Ls and Rs. Had there been a cavalry in Jesus' time, perhaps Calvary would not have been so tragic.

Don't say: cannidate | Do say: candidate

Comment: You aren't being canny to drop the [d] in this word. Remember, it is the same as "candy date." (This should help guys remember how to prepare for dates, too.)

Don't say: card shark | Do say: cardsharp

Comment: Cardsharps probably won't eat you alive, though they are adept at cutting your purse strings.

Don't say: carpool tunnel syndrome | Do say: carpal tunnel syndrome

Comment: This one is mispronounced (and misspelled) several different ways; we just picked the funniest. Carpal means ''pertaining to the wrist.''

Don't say: caucaphony | Do say: cacophony

Comment: There is no greater cacophony [kæ'kafêni] to the ears than to hear the vowels switched in the pronunciation of this word.

Don't say: The Caucases | Do say: The Caucasus

Comment: Although there are more than one mountain in this chain, their name is not a plural noun.

Don't say: chester drawers | Do say: chest of drawers

Comment: The drawers of Chester is a typical way of looking at these chests down South but it misses the point.

Don't say: chomp at the bit | Do say: champ at the bit

Comment: "Chomp" has probably replaced "champ" in the U.S. but we thought you might like to be reminded that the vowel should be [æ] not [o].

Don't say: close | Do say: clothes

Comment: The [th] is a very soft sound likely to be overlooked. Show your linguistic sensitivity and always pronounce it.

Don't say: coronet | Do say: cornet

Comment: Playing a crown (coronet) will make you about as popular as wearing a trumpet (cornet) on your head; reason enough to keep these two words straight.

D

Don't say: dialate | Do say: dilate

Comment: The [i] in this word is so long there is time for another vowel but don't succumb to the temptation.

Don't say: diptheria | Do say: diphtheria

Comment: The ''ph'' in this word is pronounced [f], not [p].

Don't say: doggy dog world | Do say: dog eat dog world

Comment: The world is even worse than you think if you think it merely a "doggy-dog world." Sorry to be the bearer of such bad news.

Don't say: drownd | Do say: drown

Comment: You add the [d] only to the past tense and past participle.

E

Don't say: elec'toral | Do say: e'lectoral

Comment: The accent is on the second, not the third, syllable and there is no [i] in it; not "electorial." (By the way, the same applies to "mayoral" and "pastoral.")

Don't say: excape | Do say: escape

Comment: The good news is, if you say "excape," you've mastered the prefix ex- because its meaning does fit this word. The bad news is, you don't use this prefix on "escape."

Don't say: expresso | Do say: espresso

Comment: While I can't express my love for espresso enough, this word was borrowed from Italian well after the Latin prefix ex- had developed into es-.

Don't say: excetera | Do say: et cetera

Comment: Latin for "and" (et) "the rest" (cetera) are actually two words that probably should be written separately.

Don't say: expecially | Do say: especially

Comment: Things especial are usually not expected, so don't confuse these words.

F

Don't say: Febyuary | Do say: February

Comment: We don't like two syllables in succession with an [r] so some of us dump the first one in this word. Most dictionaries now accept the single [r] pronunciation but, if you have an agile tongue, you may want to shoot for the original.

Don't say: fedral | Do say: federal

Comment: Syncopation of an unaccented vowel is fairly common in rapid speech but in careful speech it should be avoided.

Don't say: fillum | Do say: film

Comment: We also do not like the combination [l] + [m]. One solution is to pronounce the [l] as [w] ("film" [fiwm}, "palm" [pawm]) but some prefer adding a vowel in this word.

Don't say: fisical | Do say: fiscal

Comment: In fact, we don't seem to like any consonants together. Here is another word, like athlete and film that is often forced to swallow an unwanted vowel.

Don't say: flounder | Do say: founder

Comment: As verbs, both words have similar meanings with "flounder" meaning to make a lot of errors or to have trouble moving; however, to "founder" is to totally fail.

Don't say: foilage | Do say: foliage

Comment: Here is another case of metathesis, place-switching of sounds. Remember, the [i] comes after the [l], as in related "folio."

Don't say: For all intensive purposes | Do say: For all intents and purposes

Comment: The younger generation is mispronouncing this phrase so intensively that it has become popular both as a mispronunciation and misspelling.

Don't say: forte | Do say: fort

Comment: The word is spelled "forte" but the [e] is pronounced only when speaking of music, as a "forte passage." The words for a strong point and a stronghold are pronounced the same: [fort].

H

Don't say: Heineken remover | Do say: Heimlich maneuver (or manoeuvre, Br.)

Comment: This term is mispronounced many different ways. This is just the funniest one we have heard. This maneuver (manoeuvre) was named for U.S. surgeon Henry Jay Heimlich (1920- ).

Don't say: heighth | Do say: height

Comment: The analogy with "width" misleads many of us in the pronunciation of this word because we try to end the word with the "th" sound. The initial [h] and the final [t] is always pronounced.

Don't say: hi-archy | Do say: hierarchy

Comment: Remember, hierarchies go higher than you might think. This one is pronounced "higher archy" and not "high archy."

I

Don't say: in parenthesis | Do say: in parentheses

Comment: No one can enclose an expression in one parenthesis; at least two parentheses are required.

Don't say: interpretate | Do say: interpret

Comment: This error results from the back-formation of "interpretate" from "interpretation." But back formation isn't needed; we already have "interpret." 

Don't say: irregardless | Do say: regardless

Comment: "-Less" already says ''without'' so there is no need to repeat the same sentiment with "ir-."

J

Don't say: jewlery | Do say: jewelry

Comment: The root of this word is "jewel" and that doesn't change for either "jeweler" or "jewelry." The British add a syllable: "jewellery"

Don't say: jist nor dis | Do say: just

Comment:  As opposed to the adjective "just," this word is always unaccented, which encourages vowel reduction. However, it sounds better to reduce the [ê] rather than replace it with [i].

K

Don't say: Klu Klux Klan | Do say: Ku Klux Klan

Comment: Well, there is an [l] in the other two, why not the first? Well, that is just the way it is; don't expect rationality from this organization.

L

Don't say: lambast | Do say: lambaste

Comment: Better to lambaste the lamb than to baste him remember, the words rhyme. "Bast" has nothing to do with it.

Don't say: Larnyx | Do say: larynx

Comment: More metathesis. Here the [n] and [y] switch places. Mind your [n]s and [y]s as you mind your [p]s and [q]s.

Don't say: Laura Norder | Do say: law and order

Comment: The sound [aw] picks up an [r] in some dialects (also "sawr" and "gnawr"). Avoid it and keep Laura Norder in her place.

Don't say: leash | Do say: lease

Comment: Southern Americans are particularly liable to confuse these two distinct words but the confusion occurs elsewhere. Look out for it.

Don't say: libel | Do say: liable

Comment: You are liable for the damages if you are successfully sued for libel. But don't confuse these discrete words.

Don't say: libary | Do say: library

Comment: As mentioned before, English speakers dislike two [r]s in the same word. However, we have to buck up and pronounce them all.

Don't say: long-lived | Do say: long-lived

Comment: This compound is not derived from ''to live longly'' (you can't say that) but from ''having a long life'' and should be pronounced accordingly. The plural stem, live(s), is always used: "short-lived," "many-lived," "triple-lived."

M

Don't say: masonary | Do say: masonry

Comment: We have been told that masons are most likely to insert a spare vowel into this word describing their occupation but we know others do, too. Don't you.

Don't say: mawv | Do say: mauve

Comment: This word has not moved far enough away from French to assume an English pronunciation, [mawv], and should still be pronounced [mowv].

Don't say: mannaise | Do say: mayonnaise

Comment: Ever wonder why the short form of a word pronounced "mannaise" is "mayo"? Well, it is because the original should be pronounced "mayo-nnaise." Just remember: what would mayonnaise be without "mayo"?

Don't say: miniture | Do say: miniature

Comment: Here is another word frequently syncopated. Don't leave out the third syllable, [a].

Don't say: mute | Do say: moot

Comment: The definition of "moot" is moot (open to debate) but not the pronunciation: [mut] and not [myut].

Don't say: mis'chievous | Do say: mischievous

Comment: It would be mischievous of me not to point out the frequent misplacement of the accent on this word. Remember, it is accented the same as mischief. Look out for the order of the [i] and [e] in the spelling, too and don't add another [i] in the ending (not mischievious).

N

Don't say: nother | Do say: other

Comment: Misanalysis is a common type of speech error based on the misperception of where to draw the line between components of a word of phrase. "A whole nother" comes from misanalyzing "an other" as "a nother." Not good. Not good.

Don't say: nucular | Do say: nuclear

Comment: The British and Australians find the American repetition of the [u] between the [k] and [l] quaintly amusing. Good reason to get it right.

Don't say: nuptual | Do say: nuptial

Comment: Many speakers in the U.S. add a spurious [u] to this word, too. It should be pronounced [nêpchêl], not or [nêpchuêl].

O

Don't say: off ten | Do say: often

Comment: The [t] was silent in the pronunciation of the word "often" until circa 19th century English when more people became able to write and spell. Today the [t] is widely pronounced in England, the British Isles, Australia and in some regions of the U.S. Most U.S. dictionaries show both pronunciations, frequently showing the unspoken [t] as the most preferred.

Don't say: ordinance | Do say: ordnance

Comment: You may have to use ordnance to enforce an ordinance but you should not pronounce the words the same.

Don't say: orientate | Do say: orient

Comment: Another pointless back-formation. We don't need this mispronunciation from "orientation" when we already have "orient." (See also "interpretate")

Don't say: ostensively | Do say: ostensibly

Comment: Be sure to keep your suffixes straight on this one.

Don't say: Ostraya | Do say: Australia

Comment: This pronunciation particularly bothers Australians themselves, most of whom can manage the [l] quite easily, thank you.

P

Don't say: parlament | Do say: parliament

Comment: Although some dictionaries have given up on it, there should be a [y] after [l]: [pahr-lyê-mênt]

Don't say: perculate | Do say: percolate

Comment: Pronouncing this word as "perculate" is quite peculiar. (Also, remember that it means ''drip down'' not ''up.'')

Don't say: pottable | Do say: potable

Comment: The adjective meaning "drinkable" rhymes with "floatable" and is not to be confused with the one that means "capable of being potted."

Don't say: perogative | Do say: prerogative

Comment: Even in dialects where [r] does not always trade places with the preceding vowel (as the Texan pronunciations "differnce," "vetern," etc.), the [r] in this prefix often gets switched.

Don't say: perscription | Do say: prescription

Comment: Same as above. It is possible that we simply confuse "pre-" and "per-" since both are legitimate prefixes. 

Don't say: persnickety | Do say: pernickety

Comment: You may think us too pernickety to even mention this one. It is a Scottish nonce word to which U.S. speakers have added a spurious [s].

Don't say: preemptory | Do say: peremptory

Comment: The old pre-/per- problem. Do not confuse this word with "preemptive;" the prefix here is per-.

Don't say: prespire | Do say: perspire

Comment: "Per-" has become such a regular mispronunciation of "pre-," many people now correct themselves where they don't need to.

Don't say: plute | Do say: pollute

Comment: This one, like "plice" [police], spose [suppose], and others, commonly result from rapid speech syncope, the loss of unaccented vowels. Just be sure you pronounce the vowel when you are speaking slowly. 

Don't say: probly, prolly | Do say: probably

Comment: Haplology is the dropping of one of two identical syllables such as the [ob] and [ab] in this word, usually the result of fast speech. Slow down and pronounce the whole word for maximum clarity and to reduce your chances of misspelling the word.

Don't say: pronounciation | Do say: pronunciation

Comment: Just as "misspelling" is among the most commonly misspelled words, "pronunciation" is among the most commonly mispronounced words. Fitting, no?

Don't say: prostrate | Do say: prostate

Comment: Though a pain in the prostate may leave a man prostrate, the gland contains no [r].

R

Don't say: Realator | Do say: Realtor

Comment: As you avoid the extra vowel in "masonry," remember to do the same for "realtor," the guy who sells what the mason creates.

Don't say: revelant | Do say: relevant

Comment: Here is another word that seems to invite metathesis.

Don't say: respite | Do say: respite

Comment: Despite the spelling similarity, this word does not rhyme with despite; it is pronounced ['re-spit]. Give yourself a permanent respite from mispronouncing it.

S

Don't say: sherbert | Do say: sherbet

Comment: Some of the same people who do not like two [r]s in their words can't help repeating the one in this word.

Don't say: silicone | Do say: silicon

Comment: Silicon is the material they make computer chips from but implants are made of silicone.

Don't say: snuck | Do say: sneaked

Comment: I doubt we will get "snuck" out of the language any time soon but here is a reminder that it really isn't a word.

Don't say: sose | Do say: so

Comment: The phrase "so as" has been reduced to a single word "sose" even when it is not called for. "Sose I can go" should be simply "so I can go." By the way, the same applies to alls, as in "Alls I want is to never hear 'alls' again."

Don't say: spade | Do say: spay

Comment: You can have your dog spayed but so long as she is a good dog, please don't spade her.

Don't say: stob | Do say: stub

Comment: In some areas the vowel in this word has slid a bit too far back in the mouth. Don't choke on it.

Don't say: stomp | Do say: stamp

Comment: Stamps are so called because they were originally stamped (not stomped) on a letter. You stamp your feet, too.

Don't say: suit | Do say: suite

Comment: If you don't wear it (a suit [sut]), then it is a suite [sweet], as in a living room suite or a suite of rooms.

Don't say: supposably | Do say: supposedly

Comment: Adding -ly to participles is rarely possible, so some people try to avoid it altogether. You can't avoid it here.

Don't say: supremist | Do say: supremacist

Comment: This word is derived from "supremacy," not "supreme." A supremist would be someone who considers himself supreme. You know there is no one like that.

T

Don't say: tact | Do say: tack

Comment: If things are not going your way, do not lose your tact that would be tactless but take a different tack.

Don't say: take for granite | Do say: take for granted

Comment: We do tend to take granite for granted, it is so ubiquitous. But that, of course, is not the point.

Don't say: tenant | Do say: tenet

Comment: A tenant is a renter who may not hold a tenet (a doctrine or dogma).

Don't say: tenderhooks | Do say: tenterhooks

Comment: Tenters are frames for stretching cloth while it dries. Hanging on tenterhooks might leave you tender but that doesn't change the pronunciation of the word.

Don't say: triathalon | Do say: triathlon

Comment: We don't like [th] and [l] together, so some of us insert a spare vowel. Pronounce it right, spell it right.

U

Don't say: upmost | Do say: utmost

Comment:  While this word does indicate that efforts are up, the word is "utmost," a(!) historical variation of "outmost."

V

Don't say: verbage | Do say: verbiage

Comment: Here is another word that loses its [i] in speech. Pronouncing it correctly will help you spell it correctly.

Don't say: volumptuous | Do say: voluptuous

Comment: Some voluptuous women may be lumpy, but please avoid this Freudian slip that apprises them of it.

W

Don't say: wadn't | Do say: wasn't

Comment: That pesky [s] before [n] again. See "bidness" and "idn't." ways way "I have a ways to go" should be "I have a way to go." The article "a" does not fit well with a plural.

Don't say: wet | Do say: whet

Comment: In the Northeastern US the sound [hw], spelled "wh," is vanishing and these two words are pronounced the same. Elsewhere they should be distinguished.

Y

Don't say: yoke | Do say: yolk

Comment: Another dialectal change we probably should not call an error: [l] becomes [w] or [u] when not followed by a vowel. Some people just confuse these two words, though. That should be avoided.

Z

Don't say: zuology | Do say: zoology

Comment: Actually, we should say [zo], not [zu], when we go to the zoo.